Studien zur Giardienbehandlung & Stoffwirksamkeit

Durch das Thema (Link: alternative Giardienbehandlung? bin ich auf die Idee gekommen, Infos zur alternativen Giardienbehandlung zu sammeln.

Fangen wir fürs Erste mal an:

Anthony JP, Fyfe L, Stewart D, McDougall GJ, Smith HV.: The effect of blueberry extracts on Giardia duodenalis viability and spontaneous excystation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, in vitro.
In: Methods. 2007 Aug;42(4):339-48.
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17560322

Zitat :

Abstract

The protozoan parasites Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium parvum are common causes of diarrhoea, worldwide. Effective drug treatment is available for G. duodenalis, but with anecdotal evidence of resistance or reduced compliance. There is no effective specific chemotherapeutic intervention for Cryptosporidium. Recently, there has been renewed interest in the antimicrobial properties of berries and their phenolic compounds but little work has been done on their antiparasitic actions. The effect of various preparations of blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) extract on G. duodenalis trophozoites and C. parvum oocysts were investigated. Pressed blueberry extract, a polyphenolic-rich blueberry extract, and a commercially produced blueberry drink (Bouvrage) all demonstrated antigiardial activity. The polyphenol-rich blueberry extract reduced trophozoite viability in a dose dependent manner. At 167 microgml(-1), this extract performed as well as all dilutions of pressed blueberry extract and the Bouvrage beverage (9.6 /-2.8% live trophozoites remaining after 24h incubation). The lowest dilution of blueberry extract tested (12.5% v/v) contained >167 microgml(-1) of polyphenolic compounds suggesting that polyphenols are responsible for the reduced survival of G. duodenalis trophozoites. The pressed blueberry extract, Bouvrage beverage and the polyphenolic-rich blueberry extract increased the spontaneous excystation of C. parvum oocysts at 37 degrees C, compared to controls, but only at a dilution of 50% Bouvrage beverage, equivalent to 213 microgml(-1) gallic acid equivalents in the polyphenolic-rich blueberry extract. Above this level, spontaneous excystation is decreased. We conclude that water soluble extracts of blueberries can kill G. duodenalis trophozoites and modify the morphology of G. duodenalis and C. parvum.

Die Studie zeigte, dass Polyphene wohl gegen Giardien wirken sollen so z.B. Heidelbeersaft. Beeren sollen generell antimikrobielle Eigenschaften besitzen.


Ponce-Macotela M, Navarro-Alegría I, Martínez-Gordillo MN, Alvarez-Chacón R.: In vitro effect against Giardia of 14 plant extracts.
In: Rev Invest Clin. 1994 Sep-Oct;46(5):343-7.
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7839013?ordinalpos=2&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum

Zitat :

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate antigiardiasic activity in plants used in Mexico as antidiarrheics and/or antiparasitics.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Fourteen species were evaluated. The antigiardiasic activity was measured in vitro in a blinded fashion using trophozoites of Giardia duodenalis incubated with plant extracts. The viability of trophozoites was ascertained using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-il]-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) which is reduced to MTT-formazan by the activity of live trophozoites. The reduced MTT was extracted with an acidified alcohol (2-propanol with HCI 0.04 M) and measured in a spectrophotometer at 570 nm. Negative (trophozoites without extract) and positive controls (incubated with tinadazol) were included.
RESULTS:
The scientific and trivial names of the plants are given (trivials in Spanish marked by an asterisk). They had the following trophozoite mortality (mean /- SD in percent): Justicia spicigera (muicle*) = 91 /- 0.5; Lipia beriandieri (oregano) = 90 /- 0.6; Psidium guajava (guava) = 87 /- 1.0; positive control of tinidazol = 79 /- 1.9; Punica granutus (granado*) = 78 /- 1.3; Magnifera indica (mango) = 77 /- 1.0; Plantago major (lante*) = 76 /- 1.2; Cupressus semperbirens (cipres) = 73 /- 1.2; Castella tormentosa (chaparro amargoso*) = 70 /- 0.7; Hematoxilon campechanum (palo de Campeche*) = 67 /- 1.2. Without or with a low mean activity were Prosopis juliflora (mesquite*) and Rizophora mangle (mangle*) with 0%, Oriza sativa (rice) with 5%, Capsicum annum (pimiento*) with 21% and Persea americana (avocado) with 23%. There were no associations of the antigiardiasic effect with concentration or osmolality of the extracts.
CONCLUSIONS:
A clear in vitro antigiardiasic effects was seen in nine species. Three of them were superior to tinidazol which is a drug of common use in the treatment of giardiasis.

Insgesamt wurden in der Studien 9 gut gegen Giardien wirkende Pflanzen bestimmt, u.a. Justicia spicigera oder Lipia beriandieri (mehr siehe Studie).


Ponce-Macotela M, Rufino-González Y, González-Maciel A, Reynoso-Robles R, Martínez-Gordillo MN.: Oregano (Lippia spp.) kills Giardia intestinalis trophozoites in vitro: antigiardiasic activity and ultrastructural damage.
In: Parasitol Res. 2006 May;98(6):557-60. Epub 2006 Jan 20.
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16425064

Zitat :

Abstract
In the world, giardiosis is still a very important parasitic disease; only in Asia, Africa and America, there are more than 200 million of infected people in a year. The usual treatments are drugs that produce undesirable secondary effects, perhaps favouring the resistant strain selection. One alternative is to research compounds from plants used as antidiarrhoeic or antiparasitic in the traditional medicine. In a previous work, we found that Lippia beriandieri (Oregano) revealed to be more potent than tinidazole, a common antigiardiasic drug. In this current work, we tested the cell viability by re-culture and reduction of MTT-tetrazolium salts to MTT-formazan, and we showed the effect of oregano ethanolic extracts against Giardia intestinalis (synonyms: Giardia duodenalis, Giardia lamblia) trophozoites at concentrations ranging form 58 to 588 microg. We demonstrated the ultrastructural injury produced by oregano extracts in this parasite. Trophozoites lost their size and shape and showed damage in nucleus structure, perhaps by breaking the pattern of nucleoskeleton proteins.

Hier wurde die hohe Effektivität von Lippia beriandieri (Oregano) - Extrakten gegen Giardien erneut nachgewiesen.


Wright JM, Dunn LA, Upcroft P, Upcroft JA.: Efficacy of antigiardial drugs.
In: Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2003 Nov;2(6):529-41.
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14585063

Zitat :

Abstract

The flagellated protozoa Giardia duodenalis is the most commonly detected parasite in the intestinal tract of humans. Infections with the parasite result in diarrhoeal disease in humans and animals, with infants at risk from failure-to-thrive syndrome. The incidence of giardiasis worldwide may be as high as 1000 million cases. Current recommended treatments include the nitroheterocyclic drugs tinidazole, metronidazole and furazolidone, the substituted acridine, quinacrine, and the benzimidazole, albendazole. Paromomycin is also used in some situations, and nitazoxanide is proving to be useful. However, treatment failures have been reported with all of the common antigiardial agents, and drug resistance to all available drugs has been demonstrated in the laboratory. In addition, clinical resistance has been reported, including cases where patients failed both metronidazole and albendazole treatments. The identification of new antigiardial drugs is an important consideration for the future, but maintaining the usefulness of the existing drugs is the most cost-effective measure to ensure the continued availability of antigiardial drugs.

Immer häufiger wirken alle gängigen Anti-Giardien-Mittel (Metronidazol und Albendazol) nicht mehr (Resistenzen), daher ist die Entwickung neuer Behandlungsmethoden notwendig, wobei die Modifikation der gegebenen Mittel die preisgünstigste Methode ist.

Habe unter jede Studie ganz kurz den Inhalt in Rot zusamengefasst.
Mehr Studien folgen...

Yeah nun wird's also nachgewiesen, dass Chemie nicht das einzige Mittel gegen Giardienbefall ist
Ich denke es gibt da noch weitaus mehr Pflanzen, die speziell gegen Giardien helfen.